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Title

Radiation Biology, Part 1: Radiation Chemistry (1 credit hours)

Abstract

This module reviews the interaction of radiation and atoms and discusses basic concepts of radiation chemistry, including the chemical composition of the human body, the radiolysis of water, direct action and indirect action, linear energy transfer, and relative biologic effectiveness, laying the groundwork for understanding how radiation can lead to biologic damage. This information is important not only for safe and efficient use of the x-ray equipment but also for understanding why exposure levels are so important. Radiation chemistry also provides fundamental information necessary for understanding later modules in this series.

Course Approval Expiration/End Date: June 1, 2011 Category A Credit

Author

Elsevier Inc.,

This module is adapted from Mosby's Radiography Online: Radiologic Physics, copyright © 2002 - 2004 by Elsevier (USA) reproduced by permission of Elsevier Inc. and edited for use as CE content by Denise Moore, Professor of Radiology, Sinclair Community College.

Objectives

Upon completion of this module, the learner should be able to:

Define the important terms in the module.
List the events that occur when x-radiation passes through the human body.
Describe the interaction between diagnostic x-radiation and atoms in a patient's body and explain how that interaction can lead to biologic damage.
Compare and contrast coherent scattering, Compton scattering, photoelectric absorption, and pair production.
Describe the importance of the chemical composition of the body and how the body's composition affects the radiolysis of water.
List the various factors that affect the total amount of biologic damage caused by radiation.
Describe the concept and application of linear energy transfer (LET).
Apply the relative biologic effectiveness (RBE) to determine the capability of radiations with different LETs to produce biologic reactions.
Describe the interaction of free radicals.

Resources

Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Health Physics Journal Home Page. 2006. Available at:http://www.health-physics.com/pt/re/
healthphys/home.htm;jsessionid=FnqBl4vQv2cyznl0SBp6pQLrcZTFC6
Qd74tlXywvGqvmH2RGSckT!-910938601!-
949856144!8091!-1. Accessed October 10, 2006.

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health. Radiation Safety. 24 August 2006. Available at: http://www.niehs.nih.gov/odhsb/radhyg/rad.htm. Accessed October 10, 2006.

University of Michigan Health Physics Society. University of Michigan Health Physics Website. 14 january 2003. Available at: http://www.umich.edu/~radinfo/. Accessed October 10, 2006.

Uranium Information Centre. Radiation and Life. July 2002. Available at: http://www.uic.com.au/ral.htm. Accessed October 10, 2006.

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