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Title
Pharmacology, Part 4: Drugs for Cardiovascular Disease (1 credit hours)
Abstract

This is a new Pharmacology, Part 4 course with updated and expanded content and has been assigned a new CE approval number.

Cardiovascular diseases are so prevalent in the population that it is unlikely for a healthcare provider to work a single day without caring for a patient with at least one of these disorders. The cardiovascular system can be influenced by drugs which act on the heart, vascular tree, or kidney. Frequently, thromboembolic processes are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, and for this reason, drugs that influence the clotting mechanism are also included in this broad classification. Each category of drugs is examined with reference to the specific action and desired effect for managing a particular disorder. Course Approval/Expiration Date: July 1, 2011 Category A Credit

This activity may be available in multiple formats or from different sponsors. The ARRT does not allow CE activities such as internet courses, home study programs or directed readings to be repeated for CE credit in the same or any subsequent biennium.

Author
Dan Becker, DDS

Dr. Becker received his bachelor of science in zoology from Ohio University in 1968 and his doctor of dental surgery from Ohio State University in 1972. Although Dr. Becker is a dentist, his interest always centered on academia and he began teaching biology at Sinclair Community College (Dayton, OH) as a part-time instructor in the autumn of 1972. He accepted a full-time faculty position in the Dental Hygiene department in 1976, but continued his teaching within the Biology department as well.

Dr. Becker's interest in pharmacology and anesthesia attracted him to Miami Valley Hospital where he became involved with their dental residency instructing dental residents and learning from mentors during rotations within departments of anesthesia and emergency medicine. During this time, he developed and taught courses in pharmacology and pathophysiology for nursing and other allied health programs until his teaching at Sinclair became entirely devoted to these subject areas. Currently he is a full professor at Sinclair Community College and Associate Director of Education at Miami Valley Hospital. He has published in numerous scientific journals and textbooks, and lectures extensively throughout the United States and Canada.

Objectives
After completion of the module the learner should be able to:

  • Identify the drug prototype, common effects, and indications for the cardiac glycosides, beta blockers and calcium channel blockers.
  • Identify the drug prototypes, common effects, indications for the three categories of diuretics.
  • Name three drug classes used as vasodilators. For each, state the prototype, indications and most common side effects.
  • Identify the drug prototype, common effects, and indications each of the three categories of antithrombotic drugs.
  • Identify drug classes used to lower serum cholesterol.
  • Summarize drug classes useful for managing each of the common cardiovascular disorders.
Resources

Bibliography

Abramowicz M, ed. Drugs for hypertension. The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics. 2001;43:17-22.

Abramowicz M,ed. Drugs for chronic heart failure. The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics. 2001;43:99-103.

Abramowicz M, ed. Choice of lipid-regulating drugs. The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics. 2001;43:121-130.

Collins R, et al. Drug therapy: Aspirin, heparin and fibrinolytic therapy in suspected acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1997;336(12):847-60.

Michel T. Treatment of myocardial ischemia. In: Brunton LL, Lazo JS, Parker KL. Eds. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 11th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill: 2006.

Olin BR, Hebel SK, Dombek CE, eds. Drug Facts and Comparisons. 2006 ed. St Louis, Mo: Facts and Comparisons, Inc; 2006.

Opie LH, ed. Drugs for the Heart. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: W.B. Saunders Co; 1997.

Patrono C. Aspirin as an antiplatelet drug. N Engl J Med 1994;330(18):1287-94.

Rocco TP, Fang JC. Pharmacotherapy of congestive heart failure. In: Brunton LL, Lazo JS, Parker KL, eds. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 11th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2006.

Webliography

General Info
The Franklin Institute Science Museum. The Heart: An Online Exploration. 1996. Available at: http://sln.fi.edu/biosci/biosci.html. Accessed April 2, 2007.

NOVA Online. Electric Heart. December 1999. Available at: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/eheart/. Accessed April 2, 2007.

American Heart Association. Home page. 2007. Available at: http://www.americanheart.org/. Accessed April 2, 2007.

Drugs Acting on the Heart
Bartleby.com. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2001 - 05. Digitalis. Available at: http://www.bartleby.com/65/di/digitali.html. Accessed April 2, 2007.

May P, Bristol Chemistry Department, University of Bristol (U.K.). The Molecule of the Month. Digitalis. 1996. Available at: http://www.bris.ac.uk/Depts/Chemistry/MOTM/digitalis/digtalis.htm. Accessed April 2, 2007.

Health Central.com. Digitalis toxicity. Available at: http://www.healthcentral.com/mhc/top/000165.cfm. Accessed April 2, 2007.

U.S. National Library of Science and the National Institutes of Health. MedlinePlus. Angina. March 28, 2007. Available at: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/angina.html. Accessed April 2, 2007.

Mayo Clinic.com. Calcium Channel Blockers. Ocyober 4, 2006. Available at: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/calcium-channel-blockers/HI00061. Accessed April 2, 2007.

U.S. National Library of Science and the National Institutes of Health. MedlinePlus. High Blood Pressure. March 30, 2007. Available at: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/highbloodpressure.html. Accessed April 2, 2007.

Diuretics
Kimball JW. Kidneys. May 5, 2005. Available at: http://www.ultranet.com/~jkimball/BiologyPages/K/Kidney.html. Accessed April 2, 2007.

WGBH, NOVA Online. Treating a Sick Heart. 1997. Available at: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/heart/treating.html. Accessed April 2, 2007.

Vasodilators
Lifeclinic Health Management Systems. What is blood pressure? 2007. Available at: http://www.lifeclinic.com/focus/blood/whatisit.asp. Accessed April 2, 2007.
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